Yuma lettuce production pdf

Pdf comparison of land, water, and energy requirements of. Nine salad plants process more than two million pounds of salad per day during the peak of production, and employ 50,000 workers. Yuma county is a major agricultural production center. Yuma, arizona is generally hot and dry, but in the winter and spring temperatures are favorable for lettuce production and plentiful irrigation is available from canals fed by the colorado river.

The number of fields known to be infested with fusarium oxysporum f. Yuma county farms by legal organization, 2017 32 f. Thousands of guest workers, come to yuma on h2a guest work visas from mexico each year to work in lettuce production. Yuma grows many varieties of seed crops including onion, artichoke, broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce and various herbs. Lettuce transplanting arizona department of agriculture. Fusarium wilt of lettuce field day 21 nov 2019, yuma. The hard red durum wheat grown in yuma is mostly shipped to italy for pasta production. This regional festival, like many regional vegetable festivals such as the gilroy, california garlic festival or the vidalia. Planting and harvesting schedules of major lettuce production areas for. Life as a farmworker in yumas lettuce fields civil eats. Results from this study revealed that lettuce drop caused by s. Most of the winter produce consumed in the united states and canada is grown in the yuma, arizona, region, in. You can have your lettuce as wraps, or even stirfried or braised. There have been five suspected or confirmed multistate outbreaks of foodborne illness linked to produce harvested in the yuma growing region.

But there are still a few weeks left in yuma s lettuce season, before the bulk of the production shifts to the cooler salinas valley in central california. One was in the yuma irrigation district yid or south gila and one in the yuma county water users association ycwua or yuma valley. Yuma county cooperative extension auditorium 2200 w. Lettuce production occurs yearround throughout the united states, through a sequence of.

Insect management for desert lettuce production john c. Pdf automated machine for thinning lettuce development. Acreage planted in the main com peting area around yuma, arizona totaled 24,250 acres, compared with 18,550 last year. Nov 04, 2020 iceberg lettuce suppliers are currently transitioning their production to the yuma growing region in arizona, where the lettuce quality will be much improved. County agricultural economy profiles for southern arizona.

November and march, yuma is the epicenter of us production of salad greens. Pdf comparison of land, water, and energy requirements. The source live taylor farms iceberg lettuce in yuma. Milk production, measured in lb 4,889,000,000 crops planted, harvested, yield, production, price mya, value of production sorted by value of production in dollars. Over the past five years, an average of 48,100 acres were planted. Agriculture and water use in the yuma, arizona area. Fusarium wilt of lettuce field day 21 nov 2019, yuma county cooperative extension. From about march to october, romaine comes predominantly from californias central coast. Crop profiles college of agriculture and life sciences university.

We caught up with jv farms, a partner of taylor farms to learn about the current outlook for iceberg lettuce. Spring mix and spinach are planted from october through february and harvest november through march. Yields the term leaf lettuce includes greenleaf, redleaf, butter, and romaine cos types. Head lettuce production in arizona spans the fall and spring seasons.

Information traditionally provided using expert opinion. Fda new sampling plan for romaine lettuce grown in yuma. Each winter, the fields of yuma, arizona, grow half a billion heads of. Salinity laboratory to provide a statistical analysis of the expected economic damages with respect to lettuce production due to soil salinity, leaching practices, andor shallow water table conditions throughout. Each type has a different yield potential, but yields of 500 to 0 cartons per acre are normal. In the spring and fall, production also occurs for a short time in the san joaquin valley, and in the winter, production occurs in yuma, arizona. During peak production months, each of those plants processes more than 2 million pounds of lettuce per day. There are approximately 75,000 acres of lettuce grown in the southwestern united states. The land, water, and energy requirements of hydroponics were compared to those of conventional agriculture by example of lettuce production in yuma, arizona. May 10, 2010 the potential for contamination of lettuce from the yuma area was investigated previously. Iceberg and romaine lettuce samples were collected in the middle of december and in early february.

Annual production of eight million bushels of barley helps make colorado one of the top beer producing states in the. Lettuce is one of the top three vegetables produced in the us, along with tomatoes and potatoes. Lettuce production in yuma relies heavily on precession agricultural practices. There is no doubt that agriculture is a huge part of yuma, and crop production has played its part since yuma s beginnings in the 1800s. Environmental assessment of factors potentially contributing. Auto mated machine thinning performance in terms of plant spacing, cov in plant spacing, plant stand after thinning and time. Growing, harvesting, and marketing of lettuce is mainly from largescale growers. Most of the people who recently became ill ate romaine lettuce when lettuce from the yuma growing region was likely still available in stores. While this green leafy plant might be our favorite ingredient for salads, there are many other ways to make meals with it. We will continue to monitor iceberg lettuce supply and quality and keep members advised of new developments. However, there have been many changes to crop production throughout yuma s history, namely due to the fact that yuma is now the winter vegetable capitol of the nation and because agricultural technology has grown tremendously. These studies were conducted at two sites used for lettuce production. The economic importance of lettuce to yuma, arizona is quite significant. Yuma county produces vegetables including lettuce, spinach, and.

Primarily incorporates data from pcas, growers, and agrichemical industry. California production is concentrated in the salinas valley of monterey country, where the majority of lettuce shipper headquarters and sales offices are located. Yuma lettuce days is an annual festival occurring in yuma, arizona during late february and early march. College of agriculture and life sciences the university of. The implementation of fqpa has begun and will likely result in the. The com bined imperial valley and yuma district plant ings totaled around 9,000 acres, compared with 59,400 last year. Jul 08, 2019 growing lettuce in yuma july 8, 2019 most of the winter produce consumed in the united states and canada is grown in the yuma, arizona, region, in southern california, and in northern mexico, and most is processed in yuma before being shipped out to supermarkets across the country.

Bureau of reclamation yuma area office, the yuma agricultural center university of arizona, and the usdaars george e. Yuma, arizona grow a city or grow americas winter vegetables. But getting vegetables from the field to the fork still largely depends on manual labor. This article concludes that the local produce industry has made great strides in minimizing environmental impacts in lettuce production. Yuma county tribal agriculture summary and map 33 h. The yuma area is home to nine salad plants that produce bagged lettuce and salad mixes. Together we put science to work developing solutions to the challenges of aridland crop production. An average estimate of fuel use was derived from the yuma county crop budgets for head lettuce production developed by the university of arizona cooperative extension 11. Sonora, mexico, to the south, and two other states to the west, across the colorado river. Leaf lettuce is grown in the coastal areas of salinas, watsonville, and santa maria. Precision irrigation precision fertilizer application however it also relies heavily on manual labour for harvesting. There are also 23 cooling plants in the yuma area, where powerful refrigeration units quickly cool trucksized loads of vegetables that are then. Yuma, known as americas winter lettuce capital, produces over 90% of the lettuce, as well as. Due to the sunny high desert climate and availability of water from the colorado river, yuma has become a major supplier of winter produce in the united states.

Fonseca, of the university of arizona, yuma agricultural center, department of plant sciences, gave this informative presentation. Meanwhile, leaf lettuce is the thirdranking crop grown in the county, based on gross farmgate receipts. Production lettuce production in yuma relies heavily on precession agricultural practices. Studies were continued to develop a biocontrol strategy mainly with coniothyrium minitans to manage lettuce drop caused by s. Lettuce is definitely not a onedimensional ingredient. Accumulation and perchlorate exposure potential of lettuce. Other notable crops are lemons, melons, cotton, alfalfa, grains, cotton, dates, and wheat.

Yuma grown head lettuce represents about 95 percent of the united states winter lettuce production, averaging over 45,000 planted acres per year. Mar 04, 2015 the next lettuce days isnt for a year. Approximately 180,000 acres are used in agricultural, with most growers producing multiple crops a year on the same land, effectively raising annual production. The county seat is yuma yuma county includes the yuma, arizona metropolitan statistical area. Usdanass 2020 state agriculture overview for arizona. Some lettuce growers plant endive, escarole, nappa and bok choy in the same fields as leaf lettuce. Agriculture is the largest private sector of the economy in yuma, with the yuma area providing of arizonas total agricultural income, generating more than 3. Coronavirus pandemic impacts lettuce industry as farmworkers. Sep 03, 2018 the yuma valley grows, on more than 90,000 acres of land, as much as 90 percent of americas leafy greens in the winter months.

The average value was then converted to kilojoules per kilogram per year kjkgy using the estimated average yield value for conventional lettuce and assuming one crop of. This is where america gets almost all its winter lettuce. Insect losses and insecticide use in arizona vegetables. Guidelines for head lettuce production in arizona acis. Areas sampled included the coachella valley and imperial valley of california and the lower colorado river valley of california bard and arizona yuma. A total of 19 surveys were completed in the 2015 workshop, representing an estimated total of 25,905 fall acres and 26,255 spring lettuce acres from yuma and neighboring imperial county. Preirrigation occurred august, 2016, at the yid site, and august 30, 2016, at the ycwua site.

Timeline imperial yuma production activities activity jfmamjjasond ground preparation planting growing harvesting timeline is for iceberg lettuce. Iceberg lettuce accounts for about 12 of the lettuce produced in the us, with the other 12 including romaine, butterhead and leaf lettuces. Analysis of demand of yuma, arizona, district lettuce, twoweek periods 195967 90 29. The yuma center of excellence for desert agriculture yceda is an innovative publicprivate partnership that connects top scientists to the desert agricultural industry. What you will find in this report is a comparison of the abundance of whiteflies, worms, thrips and aphids this past season with numbers from previous years. Yuma farms cultivate enough iceberg lettuce among 40 other crops to be able distribute annually one iceberg head to every man, woman, and child in the united states, mexico, canada, and the united kingdom, combined.

Analysis of demand of yuma, arizona, district lettuce, fourweek periods 195967 86 28. We anticipate all suppliers to be fully transitioned by early december. May 08, 2020 the largest of these crops are lettuce, where 90% of all leafy vegetables in the united states are grown in yuma county. Check out our easy lettuce recipes, all guaranteed to excite your tastebuds. Since the average rainfall in yuma is less than 2 inches per year, it is not normally a factor during harvest. County arizona, is the major winter lettuce production site in the us 15,978 ha and producers currently use direct seedling followed by manual thinning. So if youd like to taste yuma s bounty, all you have to do is visit your local grocery store and buy some lettuce. History of crop production living in yuma, arizona.

Palumbo university of arizona, yuma valley agricultural center introduction desert lettuce production remains highly dependant on the availability of effective and economical insecticides. However it also relies heavily on manual labour for harvesting. In the spring and fall, production also occurs for a short time in the san joaquin valley, and in the winter production occurs in yuma, arizona. Jun 28, 2018 this percentage is significantly higher than results from a survey cdc pdf pdf 29 pages of healthy people in which 46% reported eating romaine lettuce in the week before they were interviewed. This publication made possible through a grant from organic farming research. To provide information on insecticide use patterns, insect related losses and management costs in arizona vegetable crops. Approximately 45,00055,000 acres of the lettuce are grown in arizona, 95% of which is produced in the lower colorado river and gila river valleys of yuma county where elevation is below 100 feet fig. Head lettuce is primarily grown in the coastal areas of salinas, watsonville, and santa maria.

The county seat is yuma yuma county includes the yuma, arizona metropolitan statistical area the county borders three states. Farmers across southwestern arizona are hard at work harvesting much of the countrys lettuce supply during their busiest time of the year. Yuma county is a county in the southwestern corner of the u. Land preparation and growing expenses for romaine lettuce in yuma county are. College of agriculture and life sciences the university. This equates to over 40 billion pounds of lettuce each year.